Which measurements are necessary to determine the phase angle in a single-phase circuit?

To determine the phase angle in a single-phase circuit, it is crucial to understand the relationship among voltage, current, and power. The phase angle is an important parameter in alternating current (AC) analysis because it indicates the shift between the voltage and current waveforms.

When examining a single-phase circuit, the power can be expressed as the product of voltage, current, and the power factor, which is the cosine of the phase angle. The relationship can be mathematically represented as:

[ P = V \times I \times \cos(\phi) ]

Here, ( P ) is the total power, ( V ) is the voltage, ( I ) is the current, and ( \phi ) is the phase angle. By rearranging this formula, one can extract the phase angle:

[ \phi = \cos^{-1} \left( \frac{P}{V \times I} \right) ]

This means that knowing the total power, voltage, and current allows for the calculation of the phase angle directly.

Using power measurements is essential because it provides insight into how much of the voltage and current are contributing to actual work done in the circuit, which influences the phase angle. Thus, the combination